SERBIAN VITICULTURE FROM THE 19TH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT DAY

In Europe, the period from 17th to 19th century was marked by scientific and industrial revolution, better traffic communication, which strongly influenced development of viticulture wine markets. New varieties are introduced into viticulture, intensive working on hybridization, more cultivation methods applied with use horses, distance between plants changed modern stock used. After liberation Ottoman Empire, Serbian is developing again. With arrangement principality then Kingdom, in overall Serbia under Obrenović family, a significant contribution made new vine plantation. Apart Danube regions, areas vines located around Kopaonik mountain, separates southern Novo-Pazarski sandžak wine-growing centers such as Negotin, Požarevac, Smederevo, Kruševac, Niš Šumadija separate region (area about 98,326 ha).
 However, stoped appearance phylloxera. The territory affected phylloxera starting 1881, 1920 it had reached Metohija. order restore damaged vineyards, were formed nurseries (Smederevo 1882, Bukovo near Negotin 1886, Jagodina 1889, Aleksandrovac, 1891) where began production rootstock grafting European varieties. Since then, for first time, Traminac, Chardonnay, Pinot blanc, noir, Gamay viticulture.
 beginning 20th changing royal dynasties, so after atending throne, King Petar I Karađorđević (since 1903) form an endowment estate at Oplenac. Karađorđević, them Alexander, intensively participated plantation using planting material Smederevo France (1925). By 1935, total area vineyards amounted 37.78,31 ha, 4/5 1/5 table During 2nd World War, damage due lack conditions bad appropriate ways.
 several stages. stage covers 1945 1954 characterized extensive level. second stage, 1959, vineyard big inter-row 2–2.5 m greater mechanization using. third 1959 1970, 2.5 4 m. It plantating. 106.000 ha belonged individual sector, 10.500 state (goverment) sector. 80-is 90-is last century, stagnation reduction area. disintegration SFRY, wars that followed, sanctions international isolation especially NATO bombing complete destruction minor agricultural branch time. estimated only 20,000 survived could be maintained XXI century. For twenty years, have been efforts viticulture. approach, started selection clones mainly producing high quality wines. formation smaller medium-capacity wineries (from 100,000 500,000 bottles per year), situation sector has significantly through increase improvement quality. Today there 360 registered Serbia.